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An Introduction to Quantum Mechanics ... for those who dwell in the macroscopic world |
Posted on 2012-02-04
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There is a huge number of excellent and comprehensive textbooks on quantum mechanics. They mainly differ for the approach, more or less oriented to the formalism rather than to the phenomenology, as well as for the topics covered. These lectures have been based mainly on the classical textbook by Gasiorowicz (1974). I must confess that the main reason for my choice of Gasiorowicz (1974) is affective, as it was the textbook were I first learned the basic principles of quantum mechanics. Beyond my personal taste, I now recognize that Gasiorowicz . . . . |
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Collective perspective on advances in Dyson-Schwinger Equation QCD |
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Posted on 2012-02-03
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We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing: aspects of confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spectrum; hadron elastic and transition form factors, from small- to large-Q^2; parton distribution functions; the physics of hadrons containing one or more heavy quarks; and properties of the quark gluon plasma. . . . . |
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Introduction to Metal-Insulator Transitions |
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Posted on 2012-02-02
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In this overview we provide a general introduction to metal-insulator transitions, with focus on specific mechanisms that can localize the electrons in absence of magnetic or charge ordering, and produce well defined quantum critical behavior. We contrast the physical picture of Mott, who emphasized the role of electron-electron interactions, and that of Anderson, who stressed the possibility of impurity-induced bound state formation, as alternative routes to arrest the electronic motion. We also describe more complicated situations when bo . . . . |
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Brief review on iron-based superconductors: are there clues for unconventional superconductivity? |
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Posted on 2012-02-01
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Study of superconductivity in layered iron-based materials was initiated in 2006 by Hosono's group, and boosted in 2008 by the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of 26 K in LaFeAsO1-xFx. Since then, enormous researches have been done on the materials, with Tc reaching as high as 55 K. Here, we review briefly experimental and theoretical results on atomic and electronic structures and magnetic and superconducting properties of FeAs-based superconductors and related compounds. We seek for clues for unconventional superconductivity in the . . . . |
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A geometrical introduction to screw theory |
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Posted on 2012-01-31
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Since the addition of applied forces must take into account the line of action, applied forces do not belong to a vector space. Screw theory removes this geometrical limitation and solves other mechanical problems by unifying, in a single concept, the translational and rotational degrees of freedom. Although venerable this theory is little known. By introducing some innovations, I show how screw theory can help us to rapidly develop several standard and less standard results in classical mechanics. The connection with the Lie algebra of the . . . . |
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Recent developments in gravitational collapse and spacetime singularities |
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Posted on 2012-01-30
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It is now known that when a massive star collapses under the force of its own gravity, the final fate of such a continual gravitational collapse will be either a black hole or a naked singularity under a wide variety of physically reasonable circumstances within the framework of general theory of relativity. The research of recent years has provided considerable clarity and insight on stellar collapse, black holes and the nature and structure of spacetime singularities. We discuss several of these developments here. There are also important . . . . |
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Observational Probes of Cosmic Acceleration |
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Posted on 2012-01-29
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The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in many decades, implying that the universe is dominated by some form of "dark energy" with exotic physical properties, or that Einstein's theory of gravity breaks down on cosmological scales. The profound implications of cosmic acceleration have inspired ambitious experimental efforts to measure the history of expansion and growth of structure with percent-level precision or higher. We review in detail the four most well established methods for making such . . . . |
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Commutative Algebra |
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Posted on 2012-01-28
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Contents: Graded Rings and Modules; Flatness; Integrality: the Cohen-Seidenberg Theorems; Completions and Hensel’s Lemma; Dimension Theory I: The Main Theorem; Invertible Modules and Divisors; Noether Normalization and its Consequences; Quasi-finite Algebras and the Main Theorem of Zariski; Regular Sequences and Depth; The Cohen Macaulay Condition; Homological Theory of Regular Rings; Formal Smoothness and the Cohen Structure Theorems; Witt Rings; Derivations and Differentials . . . . |
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Problème à N-corps |
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Posted on 2012-01-26
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Contents: A refresher in statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics; Statistical Physics and Density matrix;
Second quantization;Hartree-Fock approximation; Model Hamiltonians; Broken symmetry and canonical transformations; Elementary quantum mechanics and path integrals; Correlation functions, general properties; Relation between correlation functions and experiments; Time-dependent perturbation theory; Linear-response theory; General properties of correlation functions; Kubo formula for the conductivity; Drude weight, metals, insulators and . . . . |
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LinuxChix Kernel Hacking Lessons |
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Posted on 2012-01-25
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This is the web version of the LinuxChix Kernel Hacking Lessons. "Kernel hacking" is shorthand for writing Linux kernel code, or Linux kernel development. This is only one of many resources for learning to write Linux kernel code. The LinuxChix Kernel Hacking course was created with the goal of encouraging more women to get involved in Linux kernel development. The biggest barrier to women participating in kernel development is self-confidence, so we provide encouragement, help, and mentoring on the grrls-only mailing list hosted here at LinuxC . . . . |
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Is Parallel Programming Hard, And, If So, What Can You Do About It? |
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Posted on 2012-01-24
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The purpose of this book is to help you understand how
to program shared-memory parallel machines without
risking your sanity.1 By describing the algorithms and
designs that have worked well in the past, we hope to
help you avoid at least some of the pitfalls that have beset
parallel projects. But you should think of this book as a
foundation on which to build, rather than as a completed
cathedral. Your mission, if you choose to accept, is to
help make further progress in the exciting field of parallel
programming, progress that should . . . . |
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Introductory Physical Chemistry I |
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Posted on 2012-01-23
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Contents: General Information; Kubo’s Divertissements; Divertissement 1: Founders of the first law of thermodynamics; Divertissement 2: Why do we have winter heating?; Divertissement 3: Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot; Divertissement 4: Absolute Temperature; Divertissement 8: On the names of thermodynamic functions; Probability and Statistics; Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution; Collision Rates, Mean Free Path, Diffusion, and Viscosity; Collision Theory of the Rate Constant; Notes on the First Law of Thermodynamics; Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics; Some D . . . . |
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MagicPlot Student |
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Posted on 2012-01-22
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MagicPlot is a handy application for scientific and engineering data analysis, graphing, nonlinear curve fitting and multi-peak fitting. . . . . |
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Tides in colliding galaxies |
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Posted on 2012-01-22
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Long tails and streams of stars are the most noticeable upshots of galaxy collisions. Their origin as gravitational, tidal, disturbances has however been recognized only less than fifty years ago and more than ten years after their first observations. This Review describes how the idea of galactic tides emerged, in particular thanks to the advances in numerical simulations, from the first ones that included tens of particles to the most sophisticated ones with tens of millions of them and state-of-the-art hydrodynamical prescriptions. Theoretic . . . . |
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En physique, pour comprendre |
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Posted on 2012-01-17
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Contenu: Comprendre : des outils incontournables; Invariances surprenantes; L'analyse des dépendances fonctionnelles, un outil puissant; Mise en pratique; Les rapprochements entre phénomènes par type de dépendance fonctionnelle; Les rapprochements entre approches différentes d'un même phénomène; Les expériences simples : comment en optimiser l'usage; Vulgariser la physique : quelle place pour le raisonnement ? Conclusion. . . . . |
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Nanoantennas for visible and infrared radiation |
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Posted on 2012-01-16
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Nanoantennas for visible and infrared radiation can strongly enhance the interaction of light with nanoscale matter by their ability to efficiently link propagating and spatially localized optical fields. This ability unlocks an enormous potential for applications ranging from nanoscale optical microscopy and spectroscopy over solar energy conversion, integrated optical nanocircuitry, opto-electronics and density-ofstates engineering to ultra-sensing as well as enhancement of optical nonlinearities. Here we review the current understanding of o . . . . |
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Recent advances in solid-state organic lasers |
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Posted on 2012-01-15
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Organic solid-state lasers are reviewed, with a special emphasis on works published during the last decade. Referring originally to dyes in solid-state polymeric matrices, organic lasers also include the rich family of organic semiconductors, paced by the rapid development of organic light emitting diodes. Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources are potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. In this review, we describe the basic photophysics of the materials used as gain media in organic lasers with a specific lo . . . . |
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Recent progress on the Random Conductance Model |
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Posted on 2012-01-14
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Recent progress on the understanding of the Random Conductance Model is reviewed and commented. A particular emphasis is on the results on the scaling limit of the random walk among random conductances for almost every realization of the environment, observations on the behavior of the effective resistance as well as the scaling limit of certain models of gradient fields with non-convex interactions. The text is an expanded version of the lecture notes for a course delivered at the 2011 Cornell Summer School on Probability. . . . . |
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Statistical Physics of Fracture, Friction and Earthquake |
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Posted on 2012-01-13
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We review the present status of our research and understanding regarding the dynamics and the statistical properties of earthquakes, mainly from a statistical physical viewpoint. Emphasis is put both on the physics of friction and fracture, which provides a "microscopic" basis of our understanding of an earthquake instability, and on the statistical physical modelling of earthquakes, which provides "macroscopic" aspects of such phenomena. Recent numerical results on several representative models are reviewed, with attention to both their "criti . . . . |
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Introduction to supergravity |
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Posted on 2012-01-12
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These lectures present an introduction to supergravity, and are intended for graduate students with a working knowledge of quantum field theory, including the elementary group theory needed for it, but no prior knowledge of general relativity, supersymmetry or string theory is assumed. I will start by introducing the needed elements of general relativity and supersymmetry. I will then describe the simplest cases of supergravity, ${\cal N}=1$ on-shell in 4 dimensions and ${\cal N}=1$ off-shell in 3 dimensions. I will introduce superspace formali . . . . |
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Superconformal mechanics |
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Posted on 2012-01-11
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We survey the salient features and problems of conformal and superconformal mechanics and portray some of its developments over the past decade. Both classical and quantum issues of single- and multiparticle systems are covered. . . . . |
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Supernova remnants: the X-ray perspective |
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Posted on 2012-01-10
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Supernova remnants are beautiful astronomical objects that are also of high scientific interest, because they provide insights into supernova explosion mechanisms, and because they are the likely sources of Galactic cosmic rays. X-ray observations are an important means to study these objects.And in particular the advances made in X-ray imaging spectroscopy over the last two decades has greatly increased our knowledge about supernova remnants. It has made it possible to map the products of fresh nucleosynthesis, and resulted in the identifi . . . . |
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Planetary Rings |
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Posted on 2012-01-09
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Planetary rings are the only nearby astrophysical disks, and the only disks that have been investigated by spacecraft. Although there are significant differences between rings and other disks, chiefly the large planet/ring mass ratio that greatly enhances the flatness of rings (aspect ratios as small as 1e-7), understanding of disks in general can be enhanced by understanding the dynamical processes observed at close-range and in real-time in planetary rings. We review the known ring systems of the four giant planets, as well as the prospects f . . . . |
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Computational Physics |
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Posted on 2012-01-05
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Contents: Introduction; The Classical Few-Body Problem; Partial Differential Equations;The classical N-body problem; Integration methods; Percolation; Magnetic systems; The quantum one-body problem; The quantum N body problem: quantum chemistry methods; The quantum N body problem: exact algorithms. . . . . |
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Physical chemistry in brief |
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Posted on 2012-01-03
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The Physical Chemistry In Brief offers a digest of all major formulas, terms and definitions
needed for an understanding of the subject. They are illustrated by schematic figures, simple
worked-out examples, and a short accompanying text. The concept of the book makes it
different from common university or physical chemistry textbooks. In terms of contents, the
Physical Chemistry In Brief embraces the fundamental course in physical chemistry as taught
at the Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, i.e. the state behaviour of gases, liqui . . . . |
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FOURIER AND WAVELET SIGNAL PROCESSING |
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Posted on 2012-01-02
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The aim of this book is to present, to a broad audience, mathematical tools and algorithms for signal representation. It comprehensively covers both classical Fourier techniques and newer basis constructions from filter banks and multiresolution analysis—wavelets. Furthermore, it gives a synthetic view from basic mathematical principles, to construction of bases, all the way to concrete applications. . . . . |
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Convection and Conduction Heat Transfer |
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Posted on 2012-01-01
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The convection and conduction heat transfer, thermal conductivity, and phase transformations are significant issues in a design of wide range of industrial processes and devices. This book includes 18 advanced and revised contributions, and it covers mainly (1) heat convection, (2) heat conduction, and (3) heat transfer analysis. The first section introduces mixed convection studies on inclined channels, double diffusive coupling, and on lid driven trapezoidal cavity, forced natural convection through a roof, convection on non-isothermal jet os . . . . |
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Diffeomorphisms of Elliptic 3-Manifolds |
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Posted on 2011-12-31
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The elliptic 3-manifolds are the closed 3-manifolds that admit a Riemannian metric of constant positive curvature, that is, those that have finite fundamental group. The (Generalized) Smale Conjecture asserts that for any elliptic 3-manifold M, the inclusion from the isometry group of M to the diffeomorphism group of M is a homotopy equivalence.
The original Smale Conjecture, for the 3-sphere, was proven by J. Cerf and A. Hatcher, and N. Ivanov proved the generalized conjecture for many of the elliptic 3-manifolds that contain a geomet . . . . |
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Topology of Stratified Spaces |
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Posted on 2011-12-30
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Contents:An introduction to L cohomology; The almost closed range condition; Rigidity of differential operators and Chern numbers of singular varieties; Hodge theory meets the minimal model program: a survey of log canonical and du Bois singularities; Elliptic genera, real algebraic varieties and quasi-Jacobi forms;
The weight filtration for real algebraic varieties; On the Milnor classes of complex hypersurfaces; An introduction to intersection homology with general perversity functions; The signature of singular spaces and its refinements to . . . . |
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Matrices |
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Posted on 2011-12-29
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Contents: Domains, Modules and Matrices; Canonical Forms for Similarity; Functions of Matrices and Analytic Similarity; Inner product spaces; Elements of Multilinear Algebra; Nonnegative matrices; Convexity. . . . . |
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